Jewish Holidays
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5. Tzom Gedalia
On the third of Tishrei, Gedalia b. Aĥikam was killed. This extinguished the last ember of Jewish sovereignty in Eretz Yisrael and realized the full measure of exile. This is why the prophets instituted a fast day. -
3. The Duration of the Minor Fasts
The minor fasts last from dawn (alot ha-shaĥar) until tzeit ha-kokhavim (when three medium-sized stars are visible in the sky). -
4. Tisha Be-Av
The Sages state in the Mishna: Five tragic events befell our forefathers on the ninth of Av -
3. Shiva Asar Be-Tamuz
The Sages state in the Mishna: Five tragic events befell our forefathers on the seventeenth of Tamuz. -
2. Asara Be-Tevet
The prophets established a fast day on the tenth of Tevet, because that is when Nebuchadnezzar and his army arrived to besiege Jerusalem. -
1. The Institution of the Fasts
After the destruction of the First Temple, the prophets instituted fast days in commemoration of the terrible events surrounding its destruction and the exile of the Jews from their land. -
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7. Throwing Clothes into the Bonfire and Praying at the Gravesites of Tzadikim
Many people had a custom to throw expensive clothing into the bonfire at Meron, explaining that they do so in honor of R. Shimon bar Yoĥai. -
6. The Custom of Giving Boys their First Haircut
Some have a custom to refrain from cutting their sons’ hair until they reach the age of three. When their son reaches that age, they cut his hair and leave his sidelocks. -
5. Bonfires on Lag Ba-omer
For hundreds of years, there has been a custom to light a large bonfire near R. Shimon bar Yoĥai’s grave on Mount Meron, in honor of his hilula.
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